Pullulan
Pullulan is linear, neutral glucan consisting mainly of maltotriose units connected by α-1,6 glycosidic bonds. It is produced by fermentation from a food grade hydrolysed starch using a non-toxin producing strain of Aureobasidium pullulans. After completion of the fermentation, the fungal cells are removed by microfiltration, the filtrate is heat-sterilized and pigments and other impurities are removed by adsorption and ion exchange chromatography.
C.A.S. number: 9057-02-7
Chemical formula: (C6H10O5)x
Structural formula:
ASSAY: Not less than 90% of glucan on the dried basis
DESCRIPTION: White to off-white odourless powder
FUNCTIONAL USES: Glazing agent, film-forming agent, thickener
CHARACTERISTICS
IDENTIFICATION:
Quity Stand:
| Solubility: | Soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol |
| pH: | 5.0 - 7.0 (10% solution) |
| Precipitation with polyethylene glycol 600: | Add 2 ml of polyethylene glycol 600 to 10 ml of a 2% aqueous solution of pullulan. A white precipitate is formed. |
| Depolymerization with pullulanase: | Prepare two test tubes each with 10 ml of a 10% pullulan solution. Add 0.1 ml pullulanase solution having activity 10 units/g to one test tube, and 0.1 ml water to the other. After incubation at about 25° for 20 minutes, the viscosity of the pullulanase-treated solution is visibly lower than that of the untreated solution. |
| Loss on drying: | Not more than 6% (90°, pressure not more than 50 mm Hg, 6 h) |
Mono-, di- and oligosaccharides |
Not more than 10% (expressed as glucose) |
Viscosity |
100-180 mm2/s (10% w/w aqueous solution at 30°) |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg. Determine using an atomic absorption technique appropriate to the specified level. The selection of sample size and method of sample preparation may be based on the principles of the methods |
Microbiological criteria |
Yeast and moulds: Not more than 100 CFU/g |
Application in food:
01.1.2 |
Dairy-based drinks, flavoured and/or fermented (e.g., chocolate milk, cocoa, eggnog, drinking yoghurt, whey-based drinks) |
01.3 |
Condensed milk and analogues (plain) |
01.4.3 |
Clotted cream (plain) |
|
Cream analogues |
01.5 |
Milk powder and cream powder and powder analogues (plain) |
01.6.1 |
Unripened cheese |
01.6.2 |
Ripened cheese |
01.6.4 |
Processed cheese |
01.6.5 |
Cheese analogues |
|
Dairy-based desserts (e.g., pudding, fruit or flavoured yoghurt) |
|
Liquid whey and whey products, excluding whey cheeses |
02.2.2 |
Fat spreads, dairy fat spreads and blended spreads |
02.3 |
Fat emulsions mainly of type oil-in-water, including mixed and/or flavoured products based on fat emulsions |
02.4 |
Fat-based desserts excluding dairy-based dessert products of food category 01.7 |
03.0 |
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet |
04.1.2 |
Processed fruit |
|
Dried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds, and nuts and seeds |
04.2.2.3 |
Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce |
04.2.2.4 |
Canned or bottled (pasteurized) or retort pouch vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds |
04.2.2.5 |
Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed purees and spreads (e.g., peanut butter) |
04.2.2.6 |
Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed pulps and preparations (e.g., vegetable desserts and sauces, candied vegetables) other than food category 04.2.2.5 |
04.2.2.8 |
Cooked or fried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds |
05.0 |
Confectionery |
06.3 |
Breakfast cereals, including rolled oats |
06.4.3 |
Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products |
06.5 |
Cereal and starch based desserts (e.g., rice pudding, tapioca pudding) |
06.6 |
Batters (e.g., for breading or batters for fish or poultry) |
06.7 |
Pre-cooked or processed rice products, including rice cakes (Oriental type only) |
06.8 |
Soybean products (excluding soybean-based seasonings and condiments of food category 12.9) |
07.0 |
Bakery wares |
08.2 |
Processed meat, poultry, and game products in whole pieces or cuts |
08.3 |
Processed comminuted meat, poultry, and game products |
08.4 |
Edible casings (e.g., sausage casings) |
09.3 |
Semi-preserved fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms |
09.4 |
Fully preserved, including canned or fermented fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms |
10.2.3 |
Dried and/or heat coagulated egg products |
10.3 |
Preserved eggs, including alkaline, salted, and canned eggs |
Egg-based desserts (e.g., custard) |
|
11.6 |
Table-top sweeteners, including those containing high-intensity sweeteners |
12.2.2 |
Seasonings and condiments |
12.3 |
Vinegars |
12.4 |
Mustards |
12.5 |
Soups and broths |
12.6 |
Sauces and like products |
12.7 |
Salads (e.g., macaroni salad, potato salad) and sandwich spreads excluding cocoa- and nut-based spreads of food categories 04.2.2.5 and 05.1.3 |
12.8 |
Yeast and like products |
12.9 |
Soybean-based seasonings and condiments |
12.10 |
Protein products other than from soybeans |
13.3 |
Dietetic foods intended for special medical purposes (excluding products of food category 13.1) |
13.4 |
Dietetic formulae for slimming purposes and weight reduction |
13.5 |
Dietetic foods (e.g., supplementary foods for dietary use) excluding products of food categories 13.1 - 13.4 and 13.6 |
13.6 |
Food supplements |
14.1.4 |
Water-based flavoured drinks, including "sport," "energy," or "electrolyte" drinks and particulated drinks |
14.2.1 |
Beer and malt beverages |
14.2.2 |
Cider and perry |
14.2.4 |
Wines (other than grape) |
14.2.5 |
Mead |
14.2.6 |
Distilled spirituous beverages containing more than 15% alcohol |
14.2.7 |
Aromatized alcoholic beverages (e.g., beer, wine and spirituous cooler-type beverages, low alcoholic refreshers) |
15.0 |
Ready-to-eat savouries |
16.0 |
Composite foods - foods that could not be placed in categories 01 - 15 |
Packing:
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500g/bottle, 20bottles/carton
Storage:
Store unopened under 20℃ In dry conditions, away from direct sunlight. When opened, store under 20℃ in original container in dry conditions, away from direct sunlight. Shelf life is 18 months when stored according to recommendations.
